Financial Assistance
The ACA made financial assistance available to marketplace enrollees at certain income levels to help pay monthly premiums and out-of-pocket expenses. Prior to enactment of the American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) and the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), consumers with household income between 100 and 400 percent of the federal poverty level (FPL) ($26,500 to $106,000 for a family of four in 2021) were eligible for APTC and spent between 2.0 to 9.83 percent of their income for their insurance premiums. People under 100 percent FPL are generally not eligible for financial assistance on the marketplace.
Under the ARPA and extended through 2025 by the IRA, consumers with household income between 100 and 400 percent FPL ($32,150 to $128,600 for a family of four in 2025) spent between 0 and 8.5 percent of their household income on premiums for a benchmark silver plan. Households with income above 400 percent FPL also were eligible for APTC that capped their premiums for a benchmark silver plan at 8.5 percent of their income. Consumers with household income between 100 and 150 percent FPL ($32,150 to $48,225 for a family of four in 2025) may have qualified for a free or nearly free marketplace plan. These enhanced subsidies expired at the end of 2025.
APTC is based on the cost of the benchmark silver plan but may be used to purchase almost any plan available on the marketplace, regardless of the metal level. With APTC, consumers could select a gold plan with a lower deductible and more benefits, or a bronze plan with a lower premium but fewer benefits. However, APTC cannot be used to purchase a catastrophic plan. Examples of monthly premium costs for each of the metal levels, including the percentage increase in the benchmark silver plan from 2025, are shown in Figure 4 for each of the rating areas.
Figure 5 shows how an individual, a family of four, and a couple in their 60’s from Sedgwick County would be impacted by the expiration of enhanced APTC. For a 27-year-old individual making either $1,304 or $3,260 per month, the amount the consumer would pay for coverage without enhanced APTC would be $27 compared to $0 and $275 compared to $130, respectively. Individuals and households at 250 percent FPL will pay double (110 percent) what they would have paid with enhanced APTC. For a couple in their 60’s making just above the APTC threshold ($7,068 a month, 401 percent FPL), the premium payment without enhanced APTC is $2,958, or 41.9 percent of their income.